Analysis: the main reason for water loss of lead-acid battery

The electrolyte in the lead acid battery is as valuable as the blood in the human body. Once the electrolyte disappears, it means the battery is scrapped. The electrolyte consists of dilute sulfuric acid and water. During the charging process, it is difficult to avoid water loss. The charging method and water loss are different. The water loss in the ordinary three-stage charging mode is more than twice that of the intelligent pulse mode! In addition to the natural life of the battery, there is a loss of life: if the water loss of a single battery exceeds 90 grams, the battery will be scrapped. At room temperature (25 ℃), the water loss of ordinary charger is about 0.25g, and the intelligent charging pulse is 0.12g. At high temperature (35 ℃), the universal charger loses 0.5g of water and the smart charging pulse is 0.23g. Click here to calculate. After 250 water charging and drying cycles, the new three-phase pulse in the water cycle will be charged and dried after 600 cycles. Therefore, the intelligent pulse can prolong the battery life by more than one time.

During the charging process, the part of the charging current that exceeds the critical outgassing curve can only make the battery react with water to generate gas and heat up, and cannot increase the battery capacity

1. In the constant current charging stage, the charging current remains constant, the full power increases rapidly, and the voltage increases;

2. In the constant voltage charging stage, the charging voltage remains constant, the charging power continues to increase, and the charging current decreases;

3. The battery is fully charged, the current is lower than the floating charge conversion current, and the charging voltage drops to the floating charge voltage;

4. In the floating charge stage, the charging voltage maintains the floating charge voltage;

The first stage of ordinary three-phase charging is constant current charging, mainly considering that the circuit design is more convenient, rather than the optimal battery performance design.

According to the evolution process of lead-acid battery charging gas, the general gas release process in the three-phase charging process is as follows: the last cycle of constant current charging and the pre charging of constant voltage charging, when the current exceeds the evolution range of critical gas, the battery gas will be released, leading to a decline in life.

The current beyond the critical gas release range will only lead to gas generation and temperature rise of the battery, but will not be converted into battery energy, thus reducing the charging efficiency.

Solution: pulse to solve the problem of water loss

The stage of constant speed of intelligent pulse is nearly one hour shorter than the stage of constant current+constant voltage of ordinary chargers, and this one hour high-voltage charging is the critical moment for water distribution. On the basis of turning on the voltage parameters, the intelligent pulse is very accurate to convert light into intelligent pulse. However, ordinary chargers use the current parameters as the turn signal. Once the battery is vulcanized, the internal resistance increases, and the charging current also increases. It is difficult to turn the lamp current. It is easy to cause long-term charging in the high-voltage section and accelerate hydrolysis.

Analysis: the cause of fixed line of lead-acid battery

Long term battery retention, long-term overcharging and undercharging in the charging process, and discharge with high current are very likely to lead to battery solidification. Its appearance is: a lamp, a fully charged, we call the battery "fake damage.". Sulfate sulfate adheres to the board, reducing the reaction area between electrolyte and board, and the battery capacity drops rapidly. Water loss will increase the curing of the battery; Vulcanization will increase the water loss of the battery, which is easy to form a vicious cycle.

Solution: intelligent pulse solution curing

Intelligent pulse uses intelligent pulse spike to break the crystal nucleus of lead sulfate, making it difficult to form sulfate.

Intelligent pulse charger: ① Constant power, ② Intelligent pulse, ③ Drip irrigation

Common Level III: ① constant current, ② constant pressure, ③ floating charge

Analysis: Lead acid battery is unbalanced

One battery consists of three to four. Due to the manufacturing process, the absolute balance of each battery cannot be achieved. The average current of an ordinary charger is first charged with a small capacity single battery to form an overcharge. When the battery is discharged, the small capacity battery is discharged first, and over discharge is formed. The long-term vicious cycle makes the whole battery fall behind and scrap. Float charging stage of three-stage charger, with small current of 500mA, is used to compensate charging and make the battery fully charged. However, it also brings two side effects: 1. It is fully charged, and the excessive current is constant. The electric energy is converted into heat, and water is decomposed to accelerate the distribution of water; 2. Low current charging will cause large current bifurcation, which is easy to cause imbalance of the battery pack.

Solution: intelligent pulse solving battery imbalance program

Intelligent pulsating water loss is one third of that of ordinary chargers, with less water loss and small battery voltage difference; On the other hand, if the water loss is large, the battery voltage is poor. With the increase of water loss, the vulcanization will increase, and the general charger will not eliminate the vulcanization function, so the battery pack is unbalanced. Intelligent pulse charging has less water loss and small battery voltage difference. When the battery is solidified, the pulse can be removed to balance the whole battery. Intelligent pulse constant power level high current has the following functions: 1. Fast charging, saving charging time; 2. Start the battery panel to eliminate battery passivation, recover the battery capacity, and make the battery capacity of the whole group tend to be balanced. In the discharge stage, in order to eliminate the influence of current bifurcation, the battery is not fully charged and will automatically close after being fully charged to reduce water decomposition and maintain battery balance.

Analysis: Lead acid battery thermal runaway

Battery deformation is not a sudden, but often a process. When the battery is charged to 80% of its capacity, it enters the high-voltage charging area. At this time, the oxygen first precipitates on the positive plate, and the oxygen reaches the negative plate through the hole on the diaphragm. Oxygen recovery reaction is carried out on the negative plate: 2Pb+O2 (oxygen)=2PbO+Q (heating); PbO ＋ H2SO4 ＝ PbSO4 ＋ H2O ＋ Q (heat). When the reaction reaches 90%, the oxygen production rate increases, and the anode starts to produce hydrogen. The increase of a large amount of gas causes the internal pressure of the battery to exceed the valve pressure, the safety valve opens, the gas escapes, and finally the water is lost. 2H2O＝2H2↑＋O2↑。 With the increase of battery cycle times, the water gradually decreases, and the battery appears as follows:

1. The oxygen "channel" becomes smooth, and the positive oxidation produced by the "channel" easily reaches a negative value;

2. When the thermal capacity is reduced, the thermal capacity of the battery is the largest, and the water loss is the largest. The thermal capacity of the battery is greatly reduced, and the temperature of the heat generated by the battery rises rapidly;

3. Due to the shrinkage of the ultra-fine glass fiber separator of the dehydrated battery, the adhesion of the positive and negative plates becomes worse, the internal resistance increases, and the heat increases during the charging and discharging process. After the above process, the heat generated inside the battery can only pass through the battery slot. If the heat value is less than the heat value, that is, temperature rise. The rise of temperature will reduce the evolution overpotential of the battery and increase the amount of gas released. A large amount of positive electrode oxidation will react on the negative electrode surface through the "channel" and emit a large amount of heat, which will rapidly increase the temperature and form a vicious cycle, namely the so-called "heat runaway".